關(guān)于額定電壓和頻率

任何一種電器都會有額定電壓的要求，實(shí)際運(yùn)行過程中在正常波動范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)行，電器會正常工作，否則會導(dǎo)致故障的發(fā)生。我國采用的供電頻率為50Hz，頻率偏差范圍一般規(guī)定為±0.5Hz。又如熱輻射光源，若電壓偏高，其使用壽命將大大縮短；若電壓偏低，則光源照度將明顯變暗，嚴(yán)重影響工作效率和人的視力健康。可見電網(wǎng)電壓波動將影響電氣設(shè)備的正常工作和使用壽命。因此，電壓、頻率和供電連續(xù)可靠，是表征電能質(zhì)量的基本指標(biāo)。

電力系統(tǒng)中的所有電氣設(shè)備都有額定工作電壓和頻率。電氣設(shè)備在其額定電壓和頻率下工作時(shí)，其綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效果好。例如感應(yīng)電動機(jī)，若電壓偏高，雖然轉(zhuǎn)矩增大，但電流也增大，溫度增高，將使電動機(jī)絕緣嚴(yán)重受損，縮短使用壽命。

Regarding rated voltage and frequency
Any type of electrical appliance has a requirement for rated voltage. In actual operation, if it operates within the normal fluctuation range, the appliance will work normally, otherwise it will lead to the occurrence of faults. The power supply frequency used in our country is 50Hz, and the frequency deviation range is generally specified as ± 0.5Hz. For example, a thermal radiation light source, if the voltage is too high, its service life will be greatly shortened; If the voltage is low, the illumination of the light source will significantly decrease, seriously affecting work efficiency and human visual health. It can be seen that voltage fluctuations in the power grid will affect the normal operation and service life of electrical equipment. Therefore, voltage, frequency, and continuous reliability of power supply are basic indicators to characterize power quality.
All electrical equipment in the power system has a rated operating voltage and frequency. When electrical equipment operates at its rated voltage and frequency, its overall economic efficiency is the best. For example, in an induction motor, if the voltage is too high, although the torque increases, the current also increases and the temperature increases, which will seriously damage the insulation of the motor and shorten its service life.